NCERT Class 12 Maths – Comprehensive Guide for Students

Overview of NCERT Class 12 Maths Syllabus

The Class 12 Maths syllabus by NCERT is structured to develop both analytical and problem-solving skills. The main topics include Algebra, Calculus, Vectors, Probability, and Linear Programming. Mastering these topics is essential, not only for the board exams but also for competitive exams like JEE and other entrance tests.

Class 12 Maths Syllabus CBSE 2024-25 Weightage

S.No	Units	Marks
1	Relations and Functions	08
2	Algebra	10
3	Calculus	35
4	Vectors and Three–Dimensional Geometry	14
5	Linear Programming	05
6	Probability	08
	TOTAL	80
	Internal Assessment	20

Key Chapters and Topics in Class 12 Maths

The syllabus is divided into critical sections, each focusing on a fundamental area of mathematics. Here’s a breakdown of the chapters and its main topics:

• Chapter 1: Relations and Functions. Types of relations and functions, domain, and range.
• Chapter 2: Inverse Trigonometric Functions. Properties and graphs of inverse trigonometric functions.
• Chapter 3: Matrices. Operations on matrices, kinds of matrices, determinants.
• Chapter 4: Determinants – Properties of determinants, cofactors, and their applications to solve equations.
• Chapter 5: Continuity and Differentiability – Key concepts in calculus, such as limits, derivatives, and their applications.
• Chapter 6: Applications of Derivatives – Learn how derivatives are applied in calculating rates, maxima, and minima.
• Chapter 7: Integrals – Understand the techniques of indefinite integration and definite integration along with their applications.
• Chapter 8: Applications of Integrals – Focus on finding areas under curves and other practical applications.
• Chapter 9: Differential Equations – Study types and solutions of differential equations.
• Chapter 10: Vector Algebra – Key principles and operations involving vectors.
• Chapter 11: Three-Dimensional Geometry – Cover concepts of 3D geometry, including planes and lines in space.
• Chapter 12: Linear Programming – Investigate techniques to solve optimization problems using linear inequalities.
• Chapter 13: Probability – Discuss probability distributions, Bayes’ theorem, and random variables.

Study Tips to learn Maths

Preparation for Class 12 Mathematics requires a plan. Here’s how you can do it in the best possible way:

• Don’t Memorize but Understand: Most of the subjects, especially Calculus and Algebra, learn from the understanding rather than memorization. So, understand the “why” behind each concept.
• Do Practice Regularly: Maths, apart from conceptual understanding, has to be practiced diligently. Try to solve problems every day, thereby concentrating upon weaker areas.
• Use Diagrams and Graphs: Topics like Vectors and 3D Geometry require graphs. The more you practice drawing neat diagrams, the better the concept would be grasped.
  
• Review and Revise: Periodically revise all chapters. Concepts don’t remain in your mind unless and until one revises the chapters. The sooner you put those concepts into application in solving problems of an exam paper, the better is the guarantee that problem-solving would become faster.
  
• Previous year papers: When you solve previous years’ papers, you become familiar with the pattern of exams and practice how to manage your time.
  

Is Class 12 Maths Board Exam Easy