NCERT Questions for Class 12 Business Studies Chapter 7 – Directing

Important Questions with Solutions of Class 12 Business Studies Chapter 7 – Directing

1) Describe the variations between ‘formal’ & ‘informal’ companies considering their demographical origin.

Ans – The distinction between formal & informal groups depends on their creation.

Basis of Difference	Formal Organization	Informal Organization
Origin	Formal organizations are formed from defined rules, regulations, and formal structures produced by the organization. They are intended to achieve certain objectives and function within a predetermined framework.	Informal organizations develop naturally from social interactions and connections among employees, extending beyond the official limitations of authority. They arise from relationships and mutual interests among staff members.

2) What does the term “motivation” mean in the context of directing?

Ans – Motivation is a directional element that refers to motivating and encouraging individuals to perform at their peak to achieve corporate goals. It involves inspiring people to do activities compatible with the organization’s vision by meeting their demands & expectations. Motivation may be achieved through various means, including promotions, performance reviews, and recognition to leverage employee engagement & productivity.

3) A 10 years experienced Regional Sales Manager – Neha at “Good Luck Garments Ltd.”, applied for the role of Marketing Manager after the previous manager retired. Despite Neha’s devotion and talent, the firm hires externally for the position, leaving her disappointed and at risk of losing her job. When the new Marketing Manager started, one of the biggest issues was figuring out how to push Neha to return to her prior level of performance.

Feel free to recommend 3 non-financial incentives the new – Marketing Manager could incorporate to give Neha a promotion.

Ans – The new Marketing Manager might use the following non-financial incentives to inspire Neha.

• Status: Give Neha a more responsible position or an identified title inside the business. Enhancing her reputation might help her recover a sense of worth and recognition inside the workplace.
• Growth in Career: Elevate Neha’s position by mentioning extensive roles and challenges. Making her job more exciting and relevant to her talents can make her feel happier and more driven.
• Job Protection: Ensure her job stability and future chances. Making Neha feel safe in her job may reduce her nervousness and allow her to focus on her performance with added confidence.

4) “My Car Ltd.” meant to build a new vehicle plant in a remote area of West Bengal where job possibilities were limited. The local community welcomed this idea. In addition to establishing the plant, “My Car Ltd.” can attract local workers by providing facilities such as schools, clinics, and marketplaces on industrial grounds.

The corporation began to generate huge revenues. When a competitor firm requested its Production Manager, Arvind, to look into the reasons for “My Car Ltd.”‘s success, Arvind determined that, while organizations had methodical coordination of tasks to meet company goals, the significant difference was in their communication flow. “My Car Ltd.” enabled interaction from different corners leading to faster sharing of data and answers, whereas Arvind’s firm depended on scalar communication.

(a) Identify the type of organization that permits the flow of communication in all directions at “My Car Ltd.”

Ans – At “My Car Ltd.”, informal organization allows for the flow of communication in all directions.

(b) Mention the benefit of this type of organization and name two values that “My Car Ltd.” aimed to connect with the community.

Ans –

Benefits of Informal Organization:

Accomplishing Social Demands: Informal firms encourage personal interactions outside official positions, allowing employees to engage more freely. This creates a sense of belonging and enhances staff bonding by improving productivity and unity.

Here are the 2 policies “My Car Ltd.” intended to communicate:

Social Responsibility: By creating work opportunities in a rural area of West Bengal, “My Car Ltd.” is expected to contribute positively to the local community’s economic growth.

Employee Welfare: The corporation exhibited its dedication to employee well-being by providing essential facilities like schools, hospitals, and marketplaces improving the quality of life for employees and their families.

5) Mention any 3 sections that depict the need for directing the managerial operation.

Ans – Check out the need for directing:

• Attaining Goals: Directing motivates employees to execute duties efficiently. This procedure ensures that employees follow their managers’ orders and lead to the organizational goals.
• Combining Efforts: Organizations have several employees executing diverse activities at different levels. Directing combines these different activities via good communication and incentives. This coordination ensures that everyone works toward the same organizational goals, which increases overall efficiency and production.
• Transformational Shift: Employees may reject changes in policies or organizational structures, seeing them as undesirable or difficult to execute. Management may address these concerns by regularly presenting the benefits and advantages of the changes. This helps to change employees’ perceptions, making them more open and flexible to new regulations, which benefits both the firm and its workforce.

6) What’s the connection between ‘Esteem & Self-actualization needs’ with employee motivation?

Ans – Esteem refers to an individual’s need for respect, recognition, and status. They are motivated by their ego. These demands are met by elements such as power, responsibility, position, and prestige within an organization.

Esteem requirements include self-esteem, self-confidence, and a need for recognition and respect from others. Maslow’s hierarchy of needs ranks esteem needs fourth, highlighting their significance in developing a sense of personal success and value.

Self-actualization is the highest level in Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, indicating an individual’s desire to reach their maximum potential & personal progress. It helps achieve one’s objectives, desires, and aspirations. It includes professional satisfaction, personal development, and the desire to be the better version. Self-realization involves a constant search for progress and self-improvement, which eventually leads to the realization of one’s talents and the achievement of one’s highest potential.

7) Describe in detail 3 semantic challenges to interaction.

Ans – Semantic barriers are communication challenges caused by misunderstandings or misinterpretations of words and phrases.

These challenges might arise during the encoding and decoding processes, and lead to misunderstanding and misinterpretation. Here are three such semantic barriers:

1. Poorly Expressed Messages: Implementing unknown language or words might lead to false messages. When the sender doesn’t clearly express their opinions, the recipient may misinterpret the information, which leads to confusion and misunderstandings.

2. Symbols with several Meanings: Words may have several meanings or pronunciations, creating uncertainty. For example, “idle” and “idol” sound similar but have different meanings. Without suitable context, the recipient may deviate from the original message.

3. Faulty Translations: Language proficiency gaps between management and workers may require translations. Certain words or sentences may be mistaken, changing their original purpose during this process. For example, an instruction translated from English to Hindi may lose its original context or clarity, which leads to incorrect assumptions.